Jet Stream

A jet stream is a narrow, meandering band of strong winds in the upper atmosphere, typically found at altitudes between 25,000 and 35,000 feet (7,600 and 10,700 meters). Jet streams are fast-flowing air currents that can reach speeds of over 100 knots (115 mph or 185 km/h). They are caused by the temperature and pressure gradients between air masses of different temperatures and densities. Jet streams are most prominent and commonly studied in the mid-latitudes, where they play a significant role in shaping weather patterns. The polar jet stream and the subtropical jet stream are the two main jet streams that encircle the Earth in each hemisphere. They are influenced by the Earth’s rotation and other atmospheric factors. Jet streams can affect the movement and intensity of weather systems, such as storms and fronts. They are also utilized in aviation, as planes flying with the jet stream can benefit from tailwinds and faster travel times.